Reason

 

Reason is the faculty of human thought characterized by logical, rational, critical, and analytical processes. It involves the ability to think clearly and deeply, without undue influence from emotions, passions, drives, or instincts. While these four last are crucial to human life, and can shape initial thoughts, thinking while setting them aside better enables us to see, understand, evaluate, and analyze information objectively and accurately, providing justification and explanation for our beliefs and actions. Reason involves observing reality, weighing evidence, drawing rational and valid conclusions, and problem-solving in a rigorous and logical manner. The goal of reason is to think as clearly, deeply, objectively, and accurately as possible; and to best understand the nature of reality, life, society, and self; and to determine the ideal way to accomplish a lot, be great, experience pleasure, and live happily.

How did I come up with this definition of reason? With the help of ChapGPT 3.5 on May Day, 2024. At the risk of extreme boredom, here’s how I did it.

You:

What is the philosophical definition of reason?

ChatGPT:

The philosophical definition of reason encompasses several related but distinct concepts:

1. Logical Thinking: Reason involves the ability to think logically, to draw valid conclusions from premises, and to evaluate arguments for their validity and soundness. In this sense, reason is associated with rationality and critical thinking.

2. Intellectual Faculty: Reason is also considered an intellectual faculty or capacity inherent to human beings, allowing us to comprehend, analyze, and interpret the world around us. It involves the ability to perceive patterns, make connections, and understand cause-and-effect relationships.

3. Justification and Explanation: Reason involves providing justification and explanation for beliefs, actions, and assertions. It involves the ability to support one's claims with evidence, reasoning, and coherent arguments.

4. Problem-Solving: Reason includes the capacity for problem-solving and decision-making based on careful analysis and evaluation of available information.

5. Objective Inquiry: Reason is often associated with objectivity and the pursuit of truth. It involves setting aside personal biases and emotions to engage in impartial and systematic inquiry into the nature of reality.

Overall, the philosophical definition of reason encompasses the ability to think logically, critically, and systematically; to understand and interpret the world; to provide justification and explanation for beliefs and actions; and to engage in objective inquiry and problem-solving. It is a fundamental aspect of human cognition and plays a central role in philosophy, science, ethics, and many other areas of human endeavor.

You:

My own definition of reason is:

"Human thought without emotions, passions, hormonal drives, or inborn instincts. When humans think without them, they think much more clearly and powerfully."

Please critique this definition and tell me how to make it better.

ChatGPT:

Your definition of reason has some strengths but could benefit from refinement to capture the complexity of human thought and the interplay between reason and emotions.

Strengths of your definition:

1. Clarity: Your definition is clear and straightforward, making it easy to understand.

2. Emphasis on Clarity: You emphasize the clarity and power of thought when emotions, passions, hormonal drives, or instincts are absent, which is a valid point.

However, there are some aspects to consider for improvement:

1. Exclusion of Emotions, Passions, etc.: While it's true that reason often involves thinking without being unduly influenced by emotions, passions, or instincts, it's not entirely accurate to say that reason excludes them altogether. Emotions and instincts can play a role in shaping our initial thoughts, and they can also provide valuable information that can inform rational decision-making. Additionally, emotions can motivate us to pursue certain lines of inquiry or to take action, which can be a positive aspect of reasoning.

2. Complexity of Human Thought: Human thought is inherently complex, and reason interacts with emotions, passions, and instincts in various ways. Sometimes, emotions can enhance reasoning by providing insights or motivating action. Other times, they can cloud judgment. Therefore, it's essential to acknowledge the nuanced relationship between reason and these other aspects of human experience.

With that in mind, here's a revised version:

"Reason is the faculty of human thought characterized by logical, rational, and analytical processes. It involves the ability to think critically and clearly, often without undue influence from emotions, passions, or instincts. While emotions and instincts can shape our initial thoughts, reason enables us to evaluate and analyze information objectively, providing justification and explanation for our beliefs and actions. Reasoning involves considering evidence, drawing valid conclusions, and problem-solving in a systematic and logical manner. While emotions and instincts can sometimes enhance or detract from the clarity of reasoning, the ideal of reason is to think as clearly and objectively as possible, acknowledging and managing the influence of emotions and instincts."

This revision maintains clarity while also acknowledging the complex interaction between reason and other aspects of human experience.

You:

Please critique my new definition of reason and tell me how to make it better:

"Reason is the faculty of human thought characterized by logical, rational, critical, and analytical processes. It involves the ability to think clearly and deeply, without undue influence from emotions, passions, drives, or instincts. While these four last are crucial to human life, and can shape initial thoughts, thinking while setting them aside better enables us to see, understand, evaluate, and analyze information objectively and accurately, providing justification and explanation for our beliefs and actions. Reason involves observing reality, weighing evidence, drawing rational and valid conclusions, and problem-solving in a rigorous and logical manner. The goal of reason is to think as clearly, deeply, objectively, and accurately as possible; and to best understand the nature of reality, life, society, and self; and to determine the ideal way to accomplish a lot, be great, experience pleasure, and live happily."

ChatGPT:

Your new definition of reason is well-structured and comprehensive, capturing many essential aspects of the concept. Here are some strengths and suggestions for improvement:

Strengths of your definition:

1. Clarity and Structure: Your definition is clear and well-structured, making it easy to understand.

2. Inclusion of Key Aspects: You cover a broad range of aspects of reason, including logical, rational, critical, and analytical processes, as well as the ability to observe reality, weigh evidence, and draw valid conclusions.

3. Acknowledgment of the Role of Emotions, Passions, Drives, and Instincts: You recognize the importance of these factors in human life while emphasizing the importance of setting them aside for clear reasoning.

Suggestions for improvement:

1. Complexity of Human Thought: While your definition accurately highlights the importance of setting aside emotions, passions, drives, and instincts for clear reasoning, it may oversimplify the interaction between reason and these factors. Emotions, passions, etc., can sometimes enhance reasoning by providing valuable insights or motivation for action. Consider acknowledging this complexity by highlighting that emotions and instincts can have both positive and negative influences on reasoning.

2. Balance in Language: Some parts of your definition use complex language, which may make it less accessible to some readers. For example, the phrase "to accomplish a lot, be great, experience pleasure, and live happily" could be simplified for clarity.

3. Conciseness: Your definition is quite lengthy, which could make it challenging to remember or apply in practice. Consider trimming unnecessary words or phrases to make it more concise without losing its essence.

Here's a revised version that addresses these points:

"Reason is the faculty of human thought characterized by logical, rational, critical, and analytical processes. It involves the ability to think clearly and deeply, setting aside emotions, passions, drives, and instincts when necessary. While these factors are essential to human life, reason enables us to observe reality, weigh evidence, and draw valid conclusions objectively and accurately. Reasoning includes problem-solving in a rigorous and logical manner. The goal of reason is to understand the nature of reality, society, and self, and to determine the best way to achieve goals and live happily."

This revision maintains clarity and comprehensiveness while addressing conciseness and balancing the role of emotions and instincts in reasoning.


You: Thanks for the suggestion. But I think my definition isn't too long, is more full and exact, and is overall superior.

ChatGPT:

Certainly, if you feel that your definition is more complete and exact for your purposes, that's what matters most. It's important to have a definition that resonates with you and accurately reflects your understanding of the concept.

Your definition is indeed thorough and comprehensive, providing a detailed overview of reason and its importance. It emphasizes the need to set aside emotions, passions, drives, and instincts for clear and objective thinking, which is a significant aspect of rational thought.

If your aim is to provide a comprehensive and detailed definition, then your original version accomplishes that goal effectively. It offers a thorough exploration of reason and its role in human cognition and decision-making.

Remember, definitions can vary based on context, audience, and personal perspective. As long as your definition serves its intended purpose and accurately reflects your understanding, it's a valuable tool for communication and inquiry.

Skeptics and Nihilists

 

Almost everyone today who is bright and well-educated claims that Parmenides, Zeno, Protagoras, Gorgias, Pyrrho, Sextus Empiricus, Berkeley, Hume, Kant, and Hegel are serious philosophers who should be studied respectfully, carefully, and lengthily. But in fact all are foolish and lowly skeptics of reason. They doubt or deny the power of rational thought to comprehend reality. These skeptics and nihilists are all irrational, ignorant, contemptible, wicked spouters of largely empty nonsense. They use their strong minds and educations to maliciously attack nature and reality, essentially in order to destroy all understanding, knowledge, and truth. Their claims and conclusions are generally worthless, meaningless, fatuous, and absurd. They wage war on relatively innocent and good mankind by turning philosophy and reason against themselves.

But almost every person today of quality and wisdom argues that these evil clowns are "worth studying". They all "have something important to say" as they "advance human knowledge". Many relatively impressive intellectuals will even claim that these thinkers are "fun" to read and think about. But, in fact, they're a pain and misery to slog and puzzle thru. They almost invariably make one hate philosophy, and give up on truth-seeking, and the use of reason, logic, and science.

So it isn't mindless dogmatism or knee-jerk reactionism to harshly reject or furiously loath them.

People frequently point out that every now and then these deviants state the truth or have a genuine insight. But so what? That doesn't make them tolerable, decent, personally respectable, or morally upright. That doesn't make them worth the time and effort to dully struggle thru and unbeneficially semi-comprehend. That doesn't make these poor and heinous philosophers anything but what they plainly are: ridiculous and poisonous.

The fact is: pure evil doesn't exist. It can't, by nature. If it did, it would instantly destroy itself. So no philosophy or philosopher in history is ever entirely ignorant or guilty of spewing nothing but lies. Thus what these twisted demons write and teach isn't a tissue of pure fatuity and utter depravity. But so what?

Parmenides, Zeno, Protagoras, Gorgias, Pyrrho, Sextus Empiricus, Berkeley, Hume, Kant, and Hegel come close. They are the enemies of reason, understanding, truth, greatness, nobility, health, prosperity, and happiness. They need to be seen as the destroyers and monsters that they are.

Slaying the Dragons

 

The semi-liberal, semi-civilized, semi-free nations of the world need to overthrow or obliterate the illiberal, savage, slave nations. Especially the nuclear-armed ones. Such predators and fiends shouldn't be allowed to threaten and harm the semi-good peoples of the world. Evil of their type needs to be crushed.

As for who created the current mess and nightmare in the monster nations, either the political leaders and dictators are responsible for their current illiberal, savage, slave status; or else it's the nations' intellectuals and their persuaded masses; or it's some combination. If the dictators are the main or sole villains, then they should be targeted and executed, with the suffering populations liberated. If "the people" are the main or sole villains, then they should be conquered and reformed or else exterminated. It should be noted that all these "innocent civilians" – as virtually all current intellectuals label them – are guilty and evil as hell. They originally created, and currently sustain, their nation's monster nature and status. Therefore they're the problem, and they need to be eliminated.

However compromised, corrupt, incompetent, buffoonish, intellectually weak, and morally gray America and the West are today, they're still the best mankind has. They're still the heroes of the world. So they need to get to work and take necessary action. They're the semi-liberal, semi-civilized, semi-free saviors of the planet and so, faut de mieux, they need to rise up and do their duty.

If they don't, very likely no-one else will. It's true that Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union liberated themselves in 1989 and 1991. But not very well. And their behavior was rare. We can’t count on it ever happening again. And yet something needs to be done. Life today in America and the West is a kind of hell under the threat of the illiberal demon nations like China, Russia, Pakistan, North Korea, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and the like.

These monster and devil nations need to be overthrown or obliterated. America and the West have a right not to live in terror from or be destroyed by them.